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The four string cuatro antiguo: This is the original Puerto Rican cuatro. It was made from a single block of wood and used four gut strings. This instrument may have evolved from the vihuela poblana. It was used to mostly play jíbaro music. The eight-string "Southern" cuatro: This cuatro evolved from the old four-string cuatro. It was made ...
Traditional Welsh tuning Cuatro Alto: 10 strings 5 courses. F ♯ 4 F ♯ 3 •B 3 B 4 •E 4 E 4 •A 4 A 4 •D 5 D 5. Alto Cuatro Puerto Rico Rare. [11] Cuatro Antiguo: 8 strings 4 courses. A 3 A 3 •E 4 E 4 •A 4 A 4 •D 5 D 5. Puerto Rico A 4 string/4 course version exists, tuned the same Cuatro Bajo: 10 strings 5 courses. E 3 E 2 •A ...
The word cuatro was used to represent the number of strings that the instrument initially had, but a 10 stringed, 5 course cuatro was made in 1887, as shown in a photograph taken in 1916. By 1922, cuatro music was being played on Puerto Rican radio stations, like "Los Jíbaros de la Radio" (1932) and "Industrias Nativas" (1934).
The fifth string on the five string banjo, called the thumb string, also called the "drone string", is five frets shorter than the other four and is normally tuned higher than any of the other four, giving a re-entrant tuning such as the bluegrass G 4-D 3-G 3-B 3-D 4. The five string banjo is particularly used in bluegrass music and old-time music.
Among all regular tunings, all-fourths tuning E-A-D-G-C-F is the best approximation of standard tuning, which is more popular. All-fourths tuning is traditionally used for the bass guitar; [5] it is also used for the bajo sexto. [8] Allan Holdsworth stated that if he were to learn the guitar again he would tune it in all-fourths. [9] [10]
There are several tunings possible on the cuatro, but they are mostly transpositions of the main tuning (below), which may depend on the accompanied singer's range or the tone of the harp the cuatro is playing with. The strings are tuned from top to bottom (using the numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4), to these intervals: strings 1 and 2 – perfect fourth
The Puerto Rican Cuatro, with ten strings in five doubled courses. [10] The North Mexican bajo quinto, which is a five-course bass instrument used in tejano and norteño music. [11] The five-course charango and other members of its family (hualyacho, charangon, ronroco, et al) have ten strings. This a South American folk instrument appears from ...
The most common way to represent the string tunings of many instruments is by a chord with all strings open. For instruments with many closely tuned strings, this is impractical, and for those with reentrant tunings it is positively misleading, so an arpeggio style may be used instead, spreading the string tunings. Recognising this, some ...