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This is a list of tables showing the historical timeline of the exchange rate for the Indian rupee (INR) against the special drawing rights unit (SDR), United States dollar (USD), pound sterling (GBP), Deutsche mark (DM), euro (EUR) and Japanese yen (JPY). The rupee was worth one shilling and sixpence in sterling in 1947.
De Facto Classification of Exchange Rate Arrangements, as of April 30, 2021, and Monetary Policy Frameworks [2] Exchange rate arrangement (Number of countries) Exchange rate anchor Monetary aggregate target (25) Inflation Targeting framework (45) Others (43) US Dollar (37) Euro (28) Composite (8) Other (9) No separate legal tender (16) Ecuador ...
By mid-2021, they were back around $3.2 trillion. The reserves fluctuated but remained stable around the $3.2 trillion mark throughout 2022 and 2023, currently standing at about $3.19 trillion. China's reserves include holdings in major currencies such as the U.S. dollar, euro, yen, and others.
The US dollar's position in global reserves is often questioned because of the growing share of unallocated reserves, and because of the doubt regarding dollar stability in the long term. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] However, in the aftermath of the 2008 to 2010 financial crisis, the dollar's share in the world's foreign-exchange trades rose slightly from 85% ...
INR value against USD The rupee was never equal to the dollar . At the time of independence (in 1947), India's currency was pegged to pound sterling , and the exchange rate was a shilling and six pence for a rupee — which worked out to ₹13.33 to the pound. [ 23 ]
In June 2021, India's foreign exchange reserves crossed the US$600 billion mark for the first time. [17] [18] India's total forex reserves touched an all-time high of US$642.453 billion on 8 September 2021. [19] The reserves declined to $598.89 billion by 8 September 2023 [20] & rose to hit a fresh all time high of $642.63 in March 2024. [21]
Officially, the Indian rupee has a market-determined exchange rate. However, the Reserve Bank of India trades actively in the USD/INR currency market to impact effective exchange rates. Thus, the currency regime in place for the Indian rupee with respect to the US dollar is a de facto controlled exchange rate.
Example of GNP-weighted nominal exchange rate history of a basket of 6 important currencies (US Dollar, Euro, Japanese Yen, Chinese Renminbi, Swiss Franks, Pound Sterling Bilateral exchange rate involves a currency pair, while an effective exchange rate is a weighted average of a basket of foreign currencies, and it can be viewed as an overall ...