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Generally, the strength of the formulation for injection into a vein should not be greater than 40 mmol/L (3 mg/L). [4] Potassium chloride came into large scale commercial use as a fertilizer in 1861 and has been used medically since the 1950s. [6] [7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [8]
Acutely, repletion with 10 mEq of potassium is typically expected to raise serum potassium by 0.1 mEq/L immediately after administration. However, for those with chronic hypokalemia, repletion takes time due to tissue redistribution. For example, correction by 1 mEq/L can take more than 1000 mEq of potassium over many days. [6]
Intravenously, the LD 50 of potassium chloride is far smaller, at about 57.2 mg/kg to 66.7 mg/kg; this is found by dividing the lethal concentration of positive potassium ions (about 30 to 35 mg/kg) [30] by the proportion by mass of potassium ions in potassium chloride (about 0.52445 mg K + /mg KCl). [31]
mg/dL Potassium (K) 3.5, [5] [14] 3.6 [15] 5.0, [5] [14] [15] 5.1: mmol/L or mEq/L [14] See hypokalemia or hyperkalemia: 14 [17] 20 [17] mg/dL Chloride (Cl) 95, [14] 98, [18] 100 [5] 105, [14] 106, [18] 110 [5] mmol/L or mEq/L [14] See hypochloremia or hyperchloremia: 340 [19] 370 [19] mg/dL Ionized calcium (Ca) 1.03, [20] 1.10 [5] 1.23, [20] 1 ...
Liquid potassium citrate/gluconate therapy for adults and teenagers taken two to four times a day [3] 20 mEq potassium 20*324/3=2160 mg Potassium gluconate (anhydrous) C 6 H 11 KO 7: 234.245 g/mol 1 (K +) Liquid potassium citrate/gluconate therapy for adults and teenagers taken two to four times a day [3] 20 mEq potassium 20*234.245/1=4685 mg
Because potassium concentrations are very low, they usually have little effect on the calculated gap. Therefore, omission of potassium has become widely accepted. This leaves the following equation: = [Na +] - ([Cl −] + [HCO − 3]) Normal AG = 8-16 mEq/L Expressed in words, the equation is: Anion Gap = sodium - (chloride + bicarbonate)
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