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By contrast, ammonia is basic and highly polar (1.47 D). [12] This contrast reflects the differing electronegativities of H vs F. Similar to dioxygen, NF 3 is a potent yet sluggish oxidizer. [6] It oxidizes hydrogen chloride to chlorine: [citation needed] 2 NF 3 + 6 HCl → 6 HF + N 2 + 3 Cl 2
When comparing a polar and nonpolar molecule with similar molar masses, the polar molecule in general has a higher boiling point, because the dipole–dipole interaction between polar molecules results in stronger intermolecular attractions. One common form of polar interaction is the hydrogen bond, which is also known as the H-bond.
Nitrosyl fluoride is typically produced by direct reaction of nitric oxide and fluorine, although halogenation with a perfluorinated metal salt is also possible.The compound is a highly reactive fluorinating agent that converts many metals to their fluorides, releasing nitric oxide in the process:
Several (SO 2, SO 2 ClF, N 2 O 4) are gases near room temperature, so they are handled using vacuum-line techniques. The generation of [IS 7] + and [BrS 7] + are illustrative. These highly electrophilic salts are prepared in SO 2 solution. [5] The preparation of [SBr 3] + salts also calls for a mixed solvent composed of SO 2 and SO 2 FCl. [6]
The hydrophobic effect was found to be entropy-driven at room temperature because of the reduced mobility of water molecules in the solvation shell of the non-polar solute; however, the enthalpic component of transfer energy was found to be favorable, meaning it strengthened water-water hydrogen bonds in the solvation shell due to the reduced ...
It is moderately polar with a dipole moment of 0.6 D. The nitrogen center is basic but much less so than ammonia. It is hydrolyzed by hot water to release ammonia and hypochlorous acid. NCl 3 + 3 H 2 O → NH 3 + 3 HOCl. Concentrated samples of NCl 3 can explode to give N 2 and chlorine gas. [citation needed] 2 NCl 3 → N 2 + 3 Cl 2
A dipole-induced dipole interaction (Debye force) is due to the approach of a molecule with a permanent dipole to another non-polar molecule with no permanent dipole. This approach causes the electrons of the non-polar molecule to be polarized toward or away from the dipole (or "induce" a dipole) of the approaching molecule. [13]
The carbon–fluorine bond is a polar covalent bond between carbon and fluorine that is a component of all organofluorine compounds. It is one of the strongest single bonds in chemistry (after the B–F single bond, Si–F single bond, and H–F single bond), and relatively short, due to its partial ionic character.