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These globulins are divided into four sections A1, A2, B, and Y. Certain migratory patterns are created by the levels of anode and cathode. If there is an increase in the globulin fraction it means there is also an increase in the immunoglobulins, but there can also be an increase in other proteins.
The leader exon is important in the transcription of light chain by the RNA polymerase. This sequence is translated to guide the polypeptide to the internal environment of the endoplasmic reticulum, but is cleaved and absent from the mature protein. [14] To remain with coding sequence only, the introns are removed during RNA- processing and ...
5' small nucleolar RNA capped and 3' polyadenylated long noncoding RNA - SRP RNA: signal recognition particle RNA CL00003: ssRNA single stranded RNA - stRNA: small temporal RNA - tasiRNA: trans-acting siRNA - tmRNA: transfer-messenger RNA RF00023: Bacterial RNA molecule with dual tRNA-like and messenger RNA-like properties uRNA U spliceosomal ...
There are also a number of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases that use RNA as their template for synthesis of a new strand of RNA. For instance, a number of RNA viruses (such as poliovirus) use this type of enzyme to replicate their genetic material. [58] Also, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is part of the RNA interference pathway in many organisms. [59]
DNA exists in many possible conformations that include A-DNA, B-DNA, and Z-DNA forms, although only B-DNA and Z-DNA have been directly observed in functional organisms. [14] The conformation that DNA adopts depends on the hydration level, DNA sequence, the amount and direction of supercoiling, chemical modifications of the bases, the type and ...
All living cells contain both DNA and RNA (except some cells such as mature red blood cells), while viruses contain either DNA or RNA, but usually not both. [15] The basic component of biological nucleic acids is the nucleotide , each of which contains a pentose sugar ( ribose or deoxyribose ), a phosphate group, and a nucleobase . [ 16 ]
See protein electrophoresis for more information on the different globulins. Nearly all enzymes with major metabolic functions are globular in shape, as well as many signal transduction proteins. Albumins are also globular proteins, although, unlike all of the other globular proteins, they are completely soluble in water.
[1] [2] In most organisms, genes are made of DNA, where the particular DNA sequence determines the function of the gene. A gene is transcribed (copied) from DNA into RNA, which can either be non-coding RNA with a direct function, or an intermediate messenger RNA that is then translated into protein. Each of these steps is controlled by specific ...