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The Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope (1537) (Latin: Tractatus de Potestate et Primatu Papae), The Tractate for short, is the seventh Lutheran credal document of the Book of Concord. Philip Melanchthon, its author, completed it on 17 February 1537 during the assembly of princes and theologians in Smalcald.
The historical roots of Papal primacy can be traced back to the early centuries of Christianity, wherein the bishop of Rome, commonly referred to as the Pope, gradually accrued increasing authority and recognition. A confluence of historical, theological, and political factors contributed to this development.
From the time of Pope Damasus, the text of Matthew 16:18 ("You are Peter and on this rock I will build my church") is used to support Roman primacy. Pope Innocent I (401–417) claimed that all major cases should be reserved to the see of Rome and wrote: "All must preserve that which Peter the prince of the apostles delivered to the church at ...
The council, while affirming the primacy of Latin, allowed limited use of the vernacular in its 1963 Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy (Sacrosanctum Concilium). In 1964, the Sacred Congregation of Rites , in implementation of the constitution, authorized episcopal conferences to prepare liturgical books with vernacular translations of many ...
Books 1 to 6 are a free re-wording of the Didascalia Apostolorum, an earlier work of the same genre. Book 7 is partially based on the Didache. Chapters 33-45 of book 7 contain prayers similar to Jewish prayers used in synagogues. Book 8 is a more complex section composed as follows: chapters 1-2 contain an extract of a lost treatise on the ...
The primacy of the Bishop of Rome over the whole Catholic Church is derived from the pope's status as successor to Peter as "Prince of the Apostles" and as "Vicar of Christ" (Vicarius Christi). The First Vatican Council defined papal primacy in the sense of papal supremacy as an essential institution of the Church that can never be relinquished.
In theology, "[t]he range of interpretations [of Haec sancta] is large.It ranges from the qualification of the decree as a dogma via the so-called 'necessity theory', to the thesis of minimizing its theological content to that of a legal decree, not a doctrinal statement, which is mainly due to the way the language of the text is opened up".
Saint Peter, the first Pope, with the Keys of Heaven.By Francesco del Cossa, currently at the Pinacoteca di Brera.. Papacy in early Christianity was the period in papal history between 30 AD, when according to Catholic doctrine, Saint Peter effectively assumed his pastoral role as the Visible Head of the Church, until the pontificate of Miltiades, in 313, when Peace in the Church began.