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Monomethylhydrazine (MMH) is a highly toxic, volatile hydrazine derivative with the chemical formula CH 6 N 2. It is used as a rocket propellant in bipropellant rocket engines because it is hypergolic with various oxidizers such as nitrogen tetroxide (N 2 O 4) and nitric acid (HNO 3). As a propellant, it is described in specification MIL-PRF ...
The most common hypergolic fuels, hydrazine, monomethylhydrazine and unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, and oxidizer, nitrogen tetroxide, are all liquid at ordinary temperatures and pressures. They are therefore sometimes called storable liquid propellants. They are suitable for use in spacecraft missions lasting many years.
Dinitrogen tetroxide, commonly referred to as nitrogen tetroxide (NTO), and occasionally (usually among ex-USSR/Russian rocket engineers) as amyl, is the chemical compound N 2 O 4. It is a useful reagent in chemical synthesis. It forms an equilibrium mixture with nitrogen dioxide. Its molar mass is 92.011 g/mol.
Draco are hypergolic liquid-propellant rocket engines that utilize a mixture of monomethyl hydrazine fuel and nitrogen tetroxide oxidizer. Each Draco thruster generates 400 newtons (90 lbf) of thrust. [26] They are used as Reaction Control System (RCS) thrusters on both the Dragon spacecraft, and on the Falcon 9 launch vehicle second-stage. [27]
Hydrazines (R 2 N−NR 2) are a class of chemical compounds with two nitrogen atoms linked via a covalent bond and which carry from one up to four alkyl or aryl substituents. . Hydrazines can be considered as derivatives of the inorganic hydrazine (H 2 N−NH 2), in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by hydrocarbon grou
Hydrazine decomposes energetically to nitrogen, hydrogen, and ammonia (2N 2 H 4 → N 2 +H 2 +2NH 3) and is the most widely used in space vehicles. (Non-oxidized ammonia decomposition is endothermic and would decrease performance). Nitrous oxide decomposes to nitrogen and oxygen. Steam
There is no igniter with hydrazine. Aerojet S-405 is a spontaneous catalyst, that is, hydrazine decomposes on contact with the catalyst. The decomposition is highly exothermic and produces a 1,000 °C (1,830 °F) gas that is a mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen and ammonia. The main limiting factor of the monopropellant rocket is its life, which ...
Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula N 2 H 4.It is a simple pnictogen hydride, and is a colourless flammable liquid with an ammonia-like odour.Hydrazine is highly hazardous unless handled in solution as, for example, hydrazine hydrate (N 2 H 4 ·xH 2 O).