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Bipolar disorder is a serious mental health condition affecting 2.8 percent of adults in the United States. It involves episodes of mania (extreme highs) and depression (intense lows).
For most people with bipolar types 1 and 2, the depressive episodes are much longer than the manic or hypomanic episodes. [19] Since a diagnosis of bipolar disorder requires a manic or hypomanic episode, many affected individuals are initially misdiagnosed as having major depression and incorrectly treated with prescribed antidepressants. [43]
Bipolar I disorder (BD-I; pronounced "type one bipolar disorder") is a type of bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by the occurrence of at least one manic episode, with or without mixed or psychotic features. [1] Most people also, at other times, have one or more depressive episodes. [2]
Bipolar disorder – mental disorder with cyclical periods of depression and periods of elevated mood. [1] The elevated mood is significant and is known as mania , a severe elevation that can be accompanied by psychosis in some cases, or hypomania , a milder form of mania.
Bipolar disorder is difficult to diagnose. [2] If a person displays some symptoms of bipolar disorder but not others, the clinician may diagnose bipolar NOS. The diagnosis of bipolar NOS is indicated when there is a rapid change (days) between manic and depressive symptoms and can also include recurring episodes of hypomania. Bipolar NOS may be ...
The global estimated lifetime prevalence of bipolar disorder among adults range from 1 to 3 percent. [63] The annual incidence is estimated to vary from 0.3 to 1.2 percent worldwide. [23] According to the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, the lifetime prevalence of BP-II was found to be 0.4%, with a 12-month prevalence of 0.3%. [64]
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