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The Amazon rainforest is a species-rich biome in which thousands of species live, including animals found nowhere else in the world. To date, there is at least 40,000 different kinds of plants, 427 kinds of mammals, 1,300 kinds of birds, 378 kinds of reptiles, more than 400 kinds of amphibians, and around 3,000 freshwater fish are living in Amazon.
In the animal kingdom, there is general consensus that Brazil has the highest number of both terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates of any country in the world. [8] This high diversity of fauna can be explained in part by the sheer size of Brazil and the great variation in ecosystems such as Amazon Rainforest, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Pantanal, Pampas and the Caatinga.
While the animals in the Amazon are often larger than life, this South American rainforest region have some of the world’s smallest creatures.
Fungi are also very common in rainforest areas as they can feed on the decomposing remains of plants and animals. The great diversity in rainforest species is in large part the result of diverse and numerous physical refuges , [ 25 ] i.e. places in which plants are inaccessible to many herbivores, or in which animals can hide from predators.
Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) is among the most iconic animals of Borneo and the flagship of rainforest conservation in South-East Asia. Borneo is the third largest island in the world. In prehistoric times it was connected to the Asian mainland due to geological and climate changes.
Located on the northeastern coast of Queensland, the Daintree, the largest rainforest in the country/continent, is a leafy oasis where rare animals roam and plant species not found anywhere else ...
Many unique mosses and lichens are also present in the rainforest, such as lettuce lichen (Lobaria oregana), which "requires the cool, moist conditions found under the canopy of old-growth forests" and is consumed by deer, elk, and other animals. [6] Ferns like the Western Sword fern (Polystichum munitum) also grow in the rainforest. [7]
The floral richness of the rain forest habitats comprise a broad range of evergreens. [19] According to the Conservation International List Vietnam is identified as the fifth biodiversity hot spot in the world, on account of its exotic flora and fauna. Between 1997 and 2007, almost 1000 new species have been discovered.
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