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Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), also known as feto-fetal transfusion syndrome (FFTS), twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios sequence (TOPS) and stuck twin syndrome, is a complication of monochorionic multiple pregnancies (the most common form of identical twin pregnancy) in which there is disproportionate blood supply between the fetuses.
It is a severe variant of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). [2] In addition to the twins' blood systems being connected instead of independent, one twin, called the acardiac twin, TRAP fetus [3] or acardius, is severely malformed. The heart is absent or deformed, hence the name "acardiac", as are the upper structures of the body.
Emmett and Sebastian Murphy suffered from Twin to Twin Transfusion Syndrome. Skip to main content. Sign in. Mail. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ...
In a multiple gestation pregnancy, the cause of polyhydramnios usually is twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. Maternal causes include cardiac problems, kidney problems, and maternal diabetes mellitus, which causes fetal hyperglycemia and resulting polyuria (fetal urine is a major source of amniotic fluid).
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Cord compression: One twin may compress the other's umbilical cord, potentially stopping the flow of nutrients and blood and resulting in fetal death. [1] [4] Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS): One twin receives the majority of the nourishment, causing the other twin to become undernourished. TTTS is much more difficult to diagnose in ...
Treatments that are temporary include intrauterine blood transfusion of the anemic donor twin or exchange transfusions, which remove blood from the recipient twin and then transfusion of the donor. [8] Treating TAPS with fetal laser coagulation of vascular anastomoses is the only potentially effective modality. [9]
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