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An order in architecture is a certain ... Following the examples of Vitruvius and the ... The result is an arithmetical model, and with its help each order ...
The Tuscan order (Latin Ordo Tuscanicus or Ordo Tuscanus, with the meaning of Etruscan order) is one of the two classical orders developed by the Romans, the other being the composite order. It is influenced by the Doric order , but with un- fluted columns and a simpler entablature with no triglyphs or guttae .
Following the examples of the Classical Roman work of Vitruvius and the five books of the Regole generali d'architettura by Sebastiano Serlio published from 1537, Vignola started writing an architecture rule book on the classical orders. His work was more practical than the preceding two books which were more philosophical in nature. [3]
A few examples of Corinthian columns in Greece during the next century are all used inside temples. A more famous example, and the first documented use of the Corinthian order on the exterior of a structure, is the circular Choragic Monument of Lysicrates in Athens, erected c. 334 BC.
The Ionic order is one of the three canonic orders of classical architecture, the other two being the Doric and the Corinthian. There are two lesser orders: the Tuscan (a plainer Doric), and the rich variant of Corinthian called the composite order .
The most famous ancient example of such an order is the Colosseum at Rome, which had no less than four storeys of superposed orders. [3] The superposition rules were developed in ancient Greece and were also actively used in the architecture of ancient Rome. Later, the order was used in the architecture of the Renaissance and Baroque.
In classical architecture, proportions were set by the radii of columns. Proportion is a central principle of architectural theory and an important connection between mathematics and art. It is the visual effect of the relationship of the various objects and spaces that make up a structure to one another and to the whole.
Architecture is the art and technique of designing and building, as distinguished from the skills associated with construction. [3] It is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, [4] planning, designing, and constructing buildings or other structures. [5]