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Women in the United States are having babies less often, and the fertility rate reached a record low in 2023, according to data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
China has a low fertility rate compared to the United States. [8] As of 2023, China's median age has exceeded America's [144] and the Chinese population has already begun to decline since 2022. [145] China's number of people over 65 as a share of the population is predicted to exceed that of the United States by around 2035. [146]
It is used to measure the pressure on the productive population. Population decline caused by sub-replacement fertility rates means that every generation will be smaller than the one before it. Combined with longer life spans the result can be an increase in the dependency ratio which can put increased economic pressure on the work force.
The declining fertility rate became more concerning following the Great Recession between 2007 and 2009, when fertility rates dropped below 2.1 children per woman.
The findings, released Nov. 9, use data from the 2020 Census to illustrate how fertility, aging population and lower rates of migration than previously projected contribute to eventual population ...
Greenwood and Seshadri (2002) show that from 1800 to 1940 there was a demographic shift from a mostly rural US population with high fertility, with an average of seven children born per white woman, to a minority (43%) rural population with low fertility, with an average of two births per white woman. This shift resulted from technological ...
As life expectancies increase and fertility rates decrease, the world’s population will grow older. Projections show that those 65 and older will outnumber children younger than 18 by 2080.
High-mortality events in general have been shown to result in a reduction in conception, as seen in birth rates nine months later. Lyman Stone in March 2020 suggested that the COVID-19 pandemic would cause a severe reduction in birth rate due to the disease's low case fatality rate, citing occasions on which high death rates motivate an increase in birth rate to replenish populations. [3]