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  2. Truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truth

    Walter Seymour Allward's Veritas (Truth) outside Supreme Court of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario Canada. The question of what is a proper basis for deciding how words, symbols, ideas and beliefs may properly be considered true, whether by a single person or an entire society, is dealt with by the five most prevalent substantive theories of truth listed below.

  3. Correspondence theory of truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correspondence_theory_of_truth

    A classic example of correspondence theory is the statement by the medieval philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas: "Veritas est adaequatio rei et intellectus" ("Truth is the adequation of things and intellect"), which Aquinas attributed to the ninth-century Neoplatonist Isaac Israeli. [3] [5] [6]

  4. Epistemic theories of truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epistemic_theories_of_truth

    For example, the methods used must be those of scientific inquiry (criticism, observation, reproducibility, etc.). This "modification" of the consensus view is an appeal to the correspondence theory of truth, which is opposed to the consensus theory of truth. Long-run scientific pragmatism was defended by Charles Sanders Peirce.

  5. Coherentism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherentism

    For the certainty of the truth of a proposition like '2 + 2 = 4', one rather appeals "to the coherence of [one's] proposition with an enormous mass of others" whose truth must stand or fall with it. [5] Coherentism is a view either about the structure and system of knowledge and truth, or else justified belief.

  6. Coherence theory of truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherence_theory_of_truth

    According to one view, the coherence theory of truth regards truth as coherence within some specified set of sentences, propositions or beliefs. [1] It is the "theory of knowledge which maintains that truth is a property primarily applicable to any extensive body of consistent propositions, and derivatively applicable to any one proposition in such a system by virtue of its part in the system ...

  7. Criteria of truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criteria_of_truth

    First-hand observation determines the truth or falsity of a given statement. Naïve Realism is an insufficient criterion of truth. A host of natural phenomena are demonstrably true, but not observable by the unaided sense. For example, Naïve Realism would deny the existence of sounds beyond the range of human hearing and the existence of x ...

  8. Atomic sentence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_sentence

    For example, "The dog ran" is an atomic sentence in natural language, whereas "The dog ran and the cat hid" is a molecular sentence in natural language. From a logical analysis point of view, the truth or falsity of sentences in general is determined by only two things: the logical form of the sentence and the truth or falsity of its simple ...

  9. Consensus theory of truth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consensus_theory_of_truth

    If the consensus declared 2+2=5 it would render the practice of mathematics where 2+2=4 impossible. Imre Lakatos characterizes it as a "watered down" form of provable truth propounded by some sociologists of knowledge, particularly Thomas Kuhn and Michael Polanyi. [1]