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Dung beetle rolling a ball of dung in the Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa. Dung beetles live in many habitats, including desert, grasslands and savannas, [10] farmlands, and native and planted forests. [11] They are highly influenced by the environmental context, [2] and do not prefer extremely cold or dry weather.
Phanaeus vindex, also known as a rainbow scarab (like other members in its genus [1]), is a North American species of true dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae.It is found in eastern and central United States (Florida and New England to Arizona and Wyoming) and northern Mexico.
Acrossus rufipes, the night-flying dung beetle, is a species of scarab beetle. It was first recorded by the zoologist Carl Linnaeus as Acrossus rufipes in his 10th edition of Systema Naturae . The species was more recently considered a member of the genus Aphodius , but is now again classified as Acrossus rufipes .
Phanaeus, the rainbow scarabs, [1] is a genus of true dung beetles in the family Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles), ranging from the United States to northern Argentina, with the highest species richness in Mexico. [2] [3] Depending on species, they can inhabit a wide range of habitats, from tropical to temperate climates and deserts to rainforests.
Dorsal view of a Phanaeus triangularis (Say, 1823) specimen collected from Treutlen County, Georgia on October 3, 2024 [1].Scale bar indicates 10 mm. Phanaeus triangularis, the black phanaeus, is a North American species of true dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae.
The female beetle typically forms the brood mass while the male beetle transports mass from the dung pad to the female. [4] E. intermedius produces brood masses consisting of a dung shell surrounding an egg chamber. E. intermedius has been found to produce egg chambers larger than other species of dung beetle.
These beetles are small scarab beetles, most less than 8 millimeters long. Many have small mandibles that are covered by a widened clypeus, the exoskeleton plate above the mouth. The feet are clawed. [1] This is a diverse subfamily with varied life strategies and habitat types. Many species are dung beetles, which collect and feed on animal dung.
The scarab beetle subfamily Scarabaeinae consists of species collectively called true dung beetles (there are also dung beetles in other subfamilies and families). Most of the beetles of this subfamily feed exclusively on dung. However, some may feed on decomposing matter including carrion, decaying fruits and fungi.