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The word Nataraja is a Sanskrit term, from नट Nata meaning "act, drama, dance" and राज Raja meaning "king, lord"; it can be roughly translated as Lord of the dance or King of the dance. [ 22 ] [ 23 ] According to Ananda Coomaraswamy , the name is related to Shiva's fame as the "Lord of Dancers" or "King of Actors".
Whatever the origins of Shiva's dance, it became in time the clearest image of the activity of God which any art or religion can boast of." - Ananda Coomaraswamy [8] The 108 Karanas of Tandava depicted in Nataraja sculptures. The dance is described as a pictorial allegory of the five principle manifestations of eternal energy: [8]
Shiva Tandava is classified into seven types, namely, Kali Tandava, Sandhya Tandava, Tripura Tandava, Ananda Tandava, Uma Tandava, Samhara Tandava, and Urdhva Tandava. [4] A few temples in Tamil Nadu are closely associated with Nataraja and have their own myths of dance along with the halls specific to their version of dance. [5]
Natarajasana (Sanskrit: नटराजासन, romanized: Naṭarājāsana), Lord of the Dance Pose [1] or Dancer Pose [2] is a standing, balancing, back-bending asana in modern yoga as exercise. [1] It is derived from a pose in the classical Indian dance form Bharatnatyam, which is depicted in temple statues in the Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram.
Nataraja (Tamil: "நடராசர்" or Kooththan "கூத்தன்; The Lord (or King) of Dance) is a depiction of the Hindu God Shiva as the cosmic dancer who performs his divine dance to destroy a weary universe and make preparations for the god Brahma to start the process of creation.
In essence, it represents the continuous cycle of creation and destruction. This cosmic dance [18] takes place in every particle and is the source of all energy. Arudra Darshan celebrates this ecstatic dance of Shiva. [19] [20] It is essentially a Shaivite festival and celebrates the cosmic dance of Shiva, which is represented by the Nataraja form.
Sculptures of the Karanas performed by the god of dance - Nataraja - at Kadavul Hindu Temple, on Kauai, Hawaii. Karanas are the 108 key transitions [1] in the classical Indian dance described in 4th Chapter named "Tandava Lakshana" of Natya Shastra. Karana is a Sanskrit verbal noun, meaning "doing".
The Cave 1 of the Badami cave temples of Karnataka, dated back to the 7th century portrays the Tandava dancing Shiva as Nataraja. [ 37 ] [ 38 ] [ 39 ] The image, 5 feet (1.5 m) tall, has 18 arms in a form that expresses the dance positions arranged in a geometric pattern. [ 39 ]
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