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Stalin's early policies pushed for rapid industrialisation, nationalisation of private industry [14] and the collectivisation of private plots created under Lenin's New Economic Policy. [15] As leader of the Politburo, Stalin consolidated near-absolute power by 1938 after the Great Purge , a series of campaigns of political murder, repression ...
Georgy Maximilianovich Malenkov [b] (8 January 1902 [O.S. 26 December 1901] [1] – 14 January 1988) [2] was a Soviet politician who briefly succeeded Joseph Stalin as leader of the Soviet Union after his death in March 1953.
Stalin used Khrushchev to keep commanders on a tight leash, while the commanders sought to have him influence Stalin. [57] As the Germans advanced, Khrushchev worked with the military to defend and save Kiev. Handicapped by orders from Stalin that under no circumstances should the city be abandoned, the Red Army was soon encircled by the Germans.
The CEC and the Congress of Soviets was replaced by the Presidium and the Supreme Soviet respectively by several amendments to the 1936 Constitution in 1938. [6] Under the 1977 Constitution, the Supreme Soviet was the highest organ of state power and the sole organ in the country to hold legislative authority. [6]
In 1947, he succeeded Stalin as Minister for the Armed Forces and was named a Marshal of the Soviet Union. In early 1948, he became a full member of the Politburo. After Stalin's death in 1953, Bulganin supported Nikita Khrushchev during his power struggle with Georgy Malenkov. In 1955, he replaced Malenkov as Premier of the Soviet Union.
Stalin was succeeded as Soviet leader by Nikita Khrushchev, who denounced Stalin and his cult of personality in a speech given in February 1956, after which he launched a de-Stalinization process throughout Soviet society. [68] Later biographer William Taubman suggested that Gorbachev "embodied" the "reformist spirit" of the Khrushchev era. [69]
During Stalin's Great Purge, ... By 1977, Brezhnev was secure enough in his position to replace Podgorny as head of state and remove him from the Politburo.
Stalin stripped him of his positions and relegated him to military commands of little strategic significance. After Stalin's death in 1953, Zhukov supported Nikita Khrushchev's bid for leadership, and in 1955, he was appointed Defence Minister and made a member of the Presidium. In 1957, Zhukov lost favour again and was forced to retire.