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Amharic grammar distinguishes person, number, and often gender. This includes personal pronouns such as English I , Amharic እኔ ǝne ; English she , Amharic እሷ ǝsswa . As in other Semitic languages, the same distinctions appear in three other places in their grammar.
The formal study of grammar is an important part of children's schooling from a young age through advanced learning, though the rules taught in schools are not a "grammar" in the sense that most linguists use, particularly as they are prescriptive in intent rather than descriptive.
Geʽez ś ሠ Sawt (in Amharic, also called śe-nigūś, i.e. the se letter used for spelling the word nigūś "king") is reconstructed as descended from a Proto-Semitic voiceless lateral fricative [ɬ]. Like Arabic, Geʽez merged Proto-Semitic š and s in ሰ (also called se-isat: the se letter used for spelling the word isāt "fire").
Historically linked to the peninsular homeland of Old South Arabian, of which only one language, Razihi, remains, Ethiopia and Eritrea contain a substantial number of Semitic languages; the most widely spoken are Amharic in Ethiopia, Tigre in Eritrea, and Tigrinya in both. Amharic is the official language of Ethiopia.
[rewritten version of 'A modern grammar of spoken Amharic', 1941] Amsalu Aklilu (1973) English-Amharic dictionary. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-195-72264-7; Amsalu Aklilu & Demissie Manahlot (1990) T'iru ye'Amarinnya Dirset 'Indet Yale New! (An Amharic grammar, in Amharic) Bennet, M.E. (1978) Stratificational Approaches to Amharic Phonology.
For Geʽez, Amharic, Tigrinya and Tigre, the usual sort order is called halähamä (h–l–ħ–m). Where the labiovelar variants are used, these come immediately after the basic consonant and are followed by other variants. In Tigrinya, for example, the letters based on ከ come in this order: ከ, ኰ, ኸ, ዀ. In Bilen, the sorting order ...
In most Ethiopian Semitic languages, gemination, that is, consonant lengthening, plays a role in distinguishing words from one another and in the grammar of verbs. For example, in Amharic, the second consonant of a three-consonant verb root is doubled in the perfective: {sdb} 'insult', säddäbä 'he insulted'. In Chaha and some other SBG ...
Essentials of Amharic. Cologne: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag. Ethiopian Semitic archaic heterogeneity; Ethiopian Semitic negative nonpast; Ethiopian Semitic Overview; Ethiopic Documents: Argobba Grammar and Dictionary; Geoloinguistic evidence for Ethiopian semitic prehistory; Gurage Studies: Collected Articles; Hudson, Grover (1989). Highland East ...
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