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Epidemics and pandemics with at least 1 million deaths Rank Epidemics/pandemics Disease Death toll Percentage of population lost Years Location 1 Spanish flu: Influenza A/H1N1: 17–100 million 1–5.4% of global population [4] 1918–1920 Worldwide 2 Plague of Justinian: Bubonic plague 15–100 million 25–60% of European population [5] 541–549
1900–1904 San Francisco plague epidemic; 1916 New York City polio epidemic; 1918–1930 Encephalitis lethargica epidemic; 1924 Los Angeles pneumonic plague outbreak; 1924–1925 Minnesota smallpox epidemic; 1947 New York City smallpox outbreak; 1962-1965 rubella epidemic [2] 1976 Philadelphia Legionnaires' disease outbreak; 1976 swine flu ...
The number of cases varies according to the disease-causing agent, and the size and type of previous and existing exposure to the agent. Outbreaks include many epidemics, which term is normally only for infectious diseases, as well as diseases with an environmental origin, such as a water or foodborne disease. They may affect a region in a ...
An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of hosts in a given population within a short period of time. For example, in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic ...
For example, in developed countries, shigellosis (bacillary dysentery) is normally considered a sporadic disease, but in overcrowded places with poor sanitation and poor personal hygiene, it may become epidemic. Shigellosis was a sporadic disease in South Korea for many years, until 1998.
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The disease was definitively recorded on the continent for the first time in 1647. [1] The Western Hemisphere was then involved in several pandemics during the 1700s, including one in 1761 which, notably, might have begun in North America. [2] [3] Prior to 1789, the last major epidemic of influenza on the continent was in the spring of 1781. [4]