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TO-220 packages can be mounted to a heat sink to dissipate several watts of waste heat. On a so-called "infinite heat sink", this can be 50 W or more. The top of the package has a metal tab with a hole used to mount the component to a heat sink. Thermal compound is often applied between package and heatsink to further improve heat transfer.
A heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink,[1]) is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away from the device, thereby allowing regulation of the device's temperature.
TO-3. In electronics, TO-3 is a designation for a standardized metal semiconductor package used for power semiconductors, including transistors, silicon controlled rectifiers, and, integrated circuits. TO stands for "Transistor Outline" and relates to a series of technical drawings produced by JEDEC.
A padmount or pad-mounted transformer is a ground-mounted electric power distribution transformer in a locked steel cabinet mounted on a concrete pad. Since all energized connection points are securely enclosed in a grounded metal housing, a padmount transformer can be installed in places that do not have room for a fenced enclosure.
Overview. The source measure unit (SMU), or source-measurement unit, is an electronic instrument that is capable of both sourcing and measuring at the same time. It can precisely force voltage or current and simultaneously measure precise voltage and/or current. An SMU instrument can source and sink power in all four quadrants.
In heat transfer, thermal engineering, and thermodynamics, thermal conductance and thermal resistance are fundamental concepts that describe the ability of materials or systems to conduct heat and the opposition they offer to the heat current. The ability to manipulate these properties allows engineers to control temperature gradient, prevent ...
Hydraulic analogy. Analogy between a hydraulic circuit (left) and an electronic circuit (right). Electronic-hydraulic analogies are the representation of electronic circuits by hydraulic circuits. Since electric current is invisible and the processes in play in electronics are often difficult to demonstrate, the various electronic components ...
For pole-mounted transformers, this is usually a 'fused cutout.' An electrical fault melts the fuse, and the device drops open to give a visual indication of trouble. Lineworkers can also manually open it while the line is energized using insulated hot sticks. In some cases, completely self-protected transformers are used, which have a circuit ...