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Rafter Span Tables - Use these tables to determine lengths, sizes, and spacing of rafters based on several factors such as species, load, grade, and spacing. Visit the roof framing page for more information on cutting roof rafters, and visit the roof pitch calculator for determining rafter lengths based on rise and run.
Rafter spans are tabulated for the most common roof loads. The loads are based on adjusted roof snow loads from the governing building code. For roof live loads less than 20 pounds per square foot (psf), rafter spans and required E values tabulated for 20 psf shall be permitted to be adjusted in accordance with the fol-lowing table:
Rafter Span Tables - Use these tables to determine the maximum span of a rafter, given the size, spacing, species, and grade of lumber.
In this guide, we’ll explain rafter spacing, code requirements, roof rafter span tables, and rafter spacing calculators. We’ll discuss 16” and 24” spacing, how to calculate the number of rafters required, 19.2” spacing, and the spacing when using metal roofing and for lean-to and porch roofs.
Rafters shall be sized based on the rafter spans in Tables R802.4.1(1) through R802.4.1(8). Rafter spans shall be measured along the horizontal projection of the rafter. For other grades and species and for other loading conditions, refer to the AWC STJR.
Span Options Calculator for Wood Joists and Rafters. Performs calculations for ALL species and grades of commercially available softwood and hardwood lumber as found in the NDS 2018 Supplement. Joists and rafter spans for common loading conditions can be determined.
Rafters are sized the same way as joists: Establish live load, dead load and deflection limits; use the appropriate rafter table to determine acceptable Fb and E values; and then select the appropriate species, size and grade from AWC’s Design Values for Joists and Rafters publication.
The International Residential Code (IRC) 2021 specifies roof rafter spacings of 12″, 16″, 19.2″, and 24″.The common sizes for rafters include 2×4, 2×6, 2×8, 2×10, and 2×12. For a particular span, rafter spacing distance can vary based on the species of lumber, grade, and load conditions.
Roof joist spacing has requirements or factors, including the rafter size, rafter span, thickness, wood species, grade, thickness, wind and snow loads, deflection, and location. Live and snow loads range from 10 to 70psf (per sq ft), with dead loads ranging from 10 to 20psf.
The SkyCiv rafter design calculator cam be used to design roof trusses and roof rafters simply by just using the appropriate loads and timber sections. In combination with SkyCiv Structural 3D you can design an entire residential roof truss in no time! The rafter calculator will return: Rafter Shear Strength. Rafter Bending Strength.
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