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A join clause in the Structured Query Language (SQL) combines columns from one or more tables into a new table. The operation corresponds to a join operation in relational algebra. Informally, a join stitches two tables and puts on the same row records with matching fields : INNER, LEFT OUTER, RIGHT OUTER, FULL OUTER and CROSS.
Correlated subquery. In a SQL database query, a correlated subquery (also known as a synchronized subquery) is a subquery (a query nested inside another query) that uses values from the outer query. Because the subquery may be evaluated once for each row processed by the outer query, it can be slow.
A block-nested loop ( BNL) is an algorithm used to join two relations in a relational database. [1] This algorithm [2] is a variation of the simple nested loop join and joins two relations and (the "outer" and "inner" join operands, respectively). Suppose . In a traditional nested loop join, will be scanned once for every tuple of .
Two possible query plans for the triangle query R(A, B) ⋈ S(B, C) ⋈ T(A, C); the first joins S and T first and joins the result with R, the second joins R and S first and joins the result with T Relational database management systems often include a query optimizer which attempts to determine the most efficient way to execute a given query.
In SQL, an INNER JOIN prevents a cartesian product from occurring when there are two tables in a query. For each table added to a SQL Query, one additional INNER JOIN is added to prevent a cartesian product. Thus, for N tables in an SQL query, there must be N−1 INNER JOINS to prevent a cartesian product.
An associative (or junction) table maps two or more tables together by referencing the primary keys (PK) of each data table. In effect, it contains a number of foreign keys (FK), each in a many-to-one relationship from the junction table to the individual data tables. The PK of the associative table is typically composed of the FK columns ...
Recursive join. The recursive join is an operation used in relational databases, also sometimes called a "fixed-point join". It is a compound operation that involves repeating the join operation, typically accumulating more records each time, until a repetition makes no change to the results (as compared to the results of the previous iteration).
The block nested loop join algorithm [2] is a generalization of the simple nested loops algorithm that takes advantage of additional memory to reduce the number of times that the relation is scanned. It loads large chunks of relation R into main memory. For each chunk, it scans S and evaluates the join condition on all tuple pairs, currently in ...