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  2. History of flight | Airplanes, Dates, & Facts | Britannica

    www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-flight

    The invention of the airplane. On the evening of Sept. 18, 1901, Wilbur Wright, a 33-year-old businessman from Dayton, Ohio, addressed a distinguished group of Chicago engineers on the subject of “Some Aeronautical Experiments” that he had conducted with his brother Orville Wright over the previous two years.

  3. History of flight - Airlines, Aviation, Pioneers | Britannica

    www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-flight/The-first...

    History of flight - Airlines, Aviation, Pioneers: One of the earliest airline organizations, a British group called Air Transport and Travel, Ltd., acquired several Airco D.H.4a VIII single-engine planes (designed by Geoffrey De Havilland), powered by 350-horsepower Eagle V-type engines from Rolls-Royce Ltd., and modified them to include an enclosed cramped space in the fuselage with room for ...

  4. Jet Engines, Aviation Pioneers, Air Travel - Britannica

    www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-flight/The-jet-age

    Origins. From the very invention of flight at the beginning of the 20th century, military aircraft and engines generally led the way, and commercial aviation followed. At first this was also the case in the jet age, which began with the invention of jet engines under military sponsorship in the 1930s and ’40s. By the late 20th century ...

  5. Commercial aircraft | Britannica

    www.britannica.com/technology/commercial-aircraft

    In Boeing 707. commercial passenger jetliner. The mid- to long-range narrow-body four-engine aircraft with a swept-wing design was developed and manufactured by the Boeing Company. It made its first flight on December 20, 1957, and entered commercial service on October 26, 1958. It remained in production until 1991,….

  6. Boeing 707 | Description, Background, History, & Facts |...

    www.britannica.com/technology/Boeing-707

    Boeing 707, the first successful commercial passenger jetliner. The mid- to long-range narrow-body four-engine aircraft with a swept-wing design was developed and manufactured by the Boeing Company. It made its first flight on December 20, 1957, and entered commercial service on October 26, 1958. It remained in production until 1991, with a ...

  7. Helicopter | Facts, History, & Types | Britannica

    www.britannica.com/technology/helicopter

    The competition was international, with rapid progress made in the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and elsewhere. To an even greater extent than fixed-wing aircraft, the development of the helicopter had been limited by engine power. Reciprocating engines were heavy, noisy, and less efficient at high altitude. The first ...

  8. Development and components of airplanes | Britannica

    www.britannica.com/summary/airplane

    An airplane’s essential components are the body or fuselage, a flight-sustaining wing system, stabilizing tail surfaces, altitude-control devices such as rudders, a thrust-providing power source, and a landing support system. Beginning in the 1840s, several British and French inventors produced designs for engine-powered aircraft, but the ...

  9. Supersonic flight | Commercial Air Travel, Mach 1 & Mach 2 |...

    www.britannica.com/technology/supersonic-flight

    The first supersonic transport (SST) was the Soviet Tupolev Tu-144, which had its first supersonic flight in June 1969 and began flying mail between Moscow and Alma-Ata (Almaty) in 1975.The first supersonic passenger-carrying commercial airplane, the Concorde, was built jointly by aircraft manufacturers in Great Britain and France; it made its first transatlantic crossing on September 26, 1973 ...

  10. History of flight - Jet Engines, Civil Aviation, Air Travel |...

    www.britannica.com/technology/history-of-flight/The-jet...

    B-47s formed the core of the U.S. Air Force's Strategic Air Command (SAC) during the 1950s and early '60s. Boeing made a great advance with its revolutionary B-47 bomber, first flown on Dec. 17, 1947. The six-engine, swept-wing aircraft was purchased in large quantities (2,032) by the U.S. Air Force.

  11. Concorde | Summary, History, & Facts | Britannica

    www.britannica.com/technology/Concorde

    Concorde, the first supersonic passenger-carrying commercial airplane (or supersonic transport, SST), built jointly by aircraft manufacturers in Great Britain and France. The Concorde made its first transatlantic crossing on September 26, 1973, and it inaugurated the world’s first scheduled supersonic passenger service on January 21, 1976 ...