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Amniotic fluid index (AFI) is a quantitative estimate of amniotic fluid [1] and an indicator of fetal well-being. It is a separate measurement from the biophysical profile. [1] AFI is the score (expressed in centimetres) given to the amount of amniotic fluid seen on ultrasonography of a pregnant uterus. To determine the AFI, doctors may use a ...
Tobacco use during pregnancy [10] Illicit drug use during pregnancy [11] Having had PROM or preterm delivery in previous pregnancies [8] Polyhydramnios: too much amniotic fluid [9] Multiple gestation: being pregnant with two or more fetuses at one time [8] Having had episodes of bleeding anytime during the pregnancy [8]
An amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a life-threatening childbirth (obstetric) emergency in which amniotic fluid enters the blood stream of the mother, triggering a serious reaction which results in cardiorespiratory (heart and lung) collapse and massive bleeding (coagulopathy). [1][2][3] The rate at which it occurs is 1 instance per 20,000 ...
Rupture of membranes. Rupture of membranes (ROM) or amniorrhexis is a term used during pregnancy to describe a rupture of the amniotic sac. [1] Normally, it occurs spontaneously at full term either during or at the beginning of labor. Rupture of the membranes is known colloquially as " breaking (one's) water," especially when induced rather ...
Oligohydramnios. Oligohydramnios is a medical condition in pregnancy characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid, the fluid that surrounds the fetus in the abdomen, in the amniotic sac. The limiting case is anhydramnios, where there is a complete absence of amniotic fluid. It is typically diagnosed by ultrasound when the amniotic fluid ...
Biophysical profile. A biophysical profile (BPP) is a prenatal ultrasound evaluation of fetal well-being involving a scoring system, [1] with the score being termed Manning's score.[2] It is often done when a non-stress test (NST) is non reactive, or for other obstetrical indications. The "modified biophysical profile" consists of the NST and ...
Polyhydramnios is a medical condition describing an excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac.It is seen in about 1% of pregnancies. [1] [2] [3] It is typically diagnosed when the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is greater than 24 cm. [4] [5] There are two clinical varieties of polyhydramnios: chronic polyhydramnios where excess amniotic fluid accumulates gradually, and acute polyhydramnios ...
Elevated alpha-fetoprotein refers to a state where alpha-fetoprotein levels are outside of the reference range. There are two categories of AFP tests: tests performed on serum (blood plasma), and tests performed on amniotic fluid. Tests performed on serum are further categorized by the reason for performing the test: maternal serum, adult tumor ...