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Orthostatic hypotension, also known as postural hypotension, [2] is a medical condition wherein a person's blood pressure drops when they are standing up (orthostasis) or sitting down. Primary orthostatic hypotension is also often referred to as neurogenic orthostatic hypotension. [ 3 ]
Orthostatic intolerance occurs in humans because standing upright is a fundamental stressor, so requires rapid and effective circulatory and neurologic compensations to maintain blood pressure, cerebral blood flow, and consciousness. When a human stands, about 750 ml of thoracic blood are abruptly translocated downward.
Orthostatic syncope refers to syncope resulting from a postural decrease in blood pressure, termed orthostatic hypotension. [1] Orthostatic hypotension occurs when there is a persistent reduction in blood pressure of at least 20mmHg systolic or 10mmHg diastolic within 3 minutes of standing or being upright to 60 degrees on the head-up tilt ...
Familial dysautonomia (FD), also known as Riley–Day syndrome, is a rare, [2] progressive, [3] recessive genetic disorder of the autonomic nervous system [2] that affects the development and survival of sensory, sympathetic, and some parasympathetic neurons in the autonomic and sensory nervous system. FD results in variable symptoms, including ...
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder [1] characterized by tremors, slow movement, muscle rigidity, and postural instability (collectively known as parkinsonism), autonomic dysfunction and ataxia. This is caused by progressive degeneration of neurons in several parts of the brain including the basal ganglia ...
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a condition characterized by an abnormally large increase in heart rate upon sitting up or standing. [1] POTS is a disorder of the autonomic nervous system that can lead to a variety of symptoms, [10] including lightheadedness, brain fog, blurred vision, weakness, fatigue, headaches, heart palpitations, exercise intolerance, nausea ...
Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is an uncommon, sporadic neurodegenerative condition marked by a steadily declining autonomic regulation. [3] Bradbury and Eggleston originally described pure autonomic failure in 1925. [4] Patients usually present with orthostatic hypotension or syncope in midlife or later.
Syncope, commonly known as fainting or passing out, is a loss of consciousness and muscle strength characterized by a fast onset, short duration, and spontaneous recovery. [1] It is caused by a decrease in blood flow to the brain, typically from low blood pressure. [1] There are sometimes symptoms before the loss of consciousness such as ...