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Norton's theorem and its dual, Thévenin's theorem, are widely used for circuit analysis simplification and to study circuit's initial-condition and steady-state response. Norton's theorem was independently derived in 1926 by Siemens & Halske researcher Hans Ferdinand Mayer (1895–1980) and Bell Labs engineer Edward Lawry Norton (1898–1983).
The current entering any junction is equal to the current leaving that junction. i 2 + i 3 = i 1 + i 4. This law, also called Kirchhoff's first law, or Kirchhoff's junction rule, states that, for any node (junction) in an electrical circuit, the sum of currents flowing into that node is equal to the sum of currents flowing out of that node; or equivalently:
In a series circuit, the current that flows through each of the components is the same, and the voltage across the circuit is the sum of the individual voltage drops across each component. [1] In a parallel circuit, the voltage across each of the components is the same, and the total current is the sum of the currents flowing through each ...
These are filters constructed of mechanical parts but designed to work in an electrical circuit through transducers. Circuit theory is well developed in the electrical domain in general and in particular there is a wealth of filter theory available.
In electrical engineering, Millman's theorem [1] (or the parallel generator theorem) is a method to simplify the solution of a circuit. Specifically, Millman's theorem is used to compute the voltage at the ends of a circuit made up of only branches in parallel. It is named after Jacob Millman, who proved the theorem.
In other words, a problem with input size n is in NC if there exist constants c and k such that it can be solved in time O((log n) c) using O(n k) parallel processors. Stephen Cook [1] [2] coined the name "Nick's class" after Nick Pippenger, who had done extensive research [3] on circuits with polylogarithmic depth and polynomial size. [4]
These networks arise often in 3-phase power circuits as they are the two most common topologies for 3-phase motor or transformer windings. Figure 1.6 An example of this is the network of figure 1.6, consisting of a Y network connected in parallel with a Δ network.
An electric circuit is an interconnection of electric components such that electric charge is made to flow along a closed path (a circuit), usually to perform some useful task. [ 56 ] The components in an electric circuit can take many forms, which can include elements such as resistors , capacitors , switches , transformers and electronics .