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Classical drug causes of methemoglobinemia include various antibiotics (trimethoprim, sulfonamides, and dapsone [8]), local anesthetics (especially articaine, benzocaine, prilocaine, [9] and lidocaine [10]), and aniline dyes, metoclopramide, rasburicase, umbellulone, chlorates, bromates, and nitrites. [11] Nitrates are suspected to cause ...
A hemoglobin test measures the amount of hemoglobin in your blood. If a hemoglobin tests shows that a person's levels are below normal, it means they have a low red blood cell count, which is known as anemia. If the test shows higher levels than normal, it means they have hemoglobinemia. [citation needed] The normal range for hemoglobin is:
Sleep studies if high suspicion for sleep apnea [13] Abdominal imaging, such as ultrasound [5] Erythropoietin receptor or von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) genetic testing, if high suspicion for familial erythrocytosis [5] Hemoglobin (globin-gene) sequencing or high-performance liquid chromatography to evaluate for high-affinity hemoglobin variants [13]
The pigment is a greenish derivative of hemoglobin which cannot be converted back to normal, functional hemoglobin. It causes cyanosis even at low blood levels. It is a rare blood condition in which the β-pyrrole ring of the hemoglobin molecule has the ability to bind irreversibly to any substance containing a sulfur atom.
In some cases, a drug can cause the immune system to mistakenly think the body's own red blood cells are dangerous, foreign substances. Antibodies then develop against the red blood cells. The antibodies attach to red blood cells and cause them to break down too early. It is known that more than 150 drugs can cause this type of hemolytic anemia ...
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an autoimmune disorder which occurs when antibodies directed against the person's own red blood cells (RBCs) cause them to burst , leading to an insufficient number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells in circulation . The lifetime of the RBCs is reduced from the normal 100–120 days to just a few days in ...
[122] [126] High doses or levels of AAS, including testosterone, can cause polycythemia—high red blood cell and/or hemoglobin levels that increase the risk of stroke—as an adverse effect. [121] [122] Conversely, whether via castration, NSAA monotherapy, or CAB, decreased erythropoiesis resulting in mild anemia is a common side effect of ADT ...
Many drugs have been implicated in causing oxidative damage to RBCs, which may cause a hemolytic anemia especially if these drugs are used in individuals with compromised antioxidant mechanisms such as G6PD deficiency or Hemoglobin H disease. Drugs commonly implicated in causing hemolytic anemia in these individuals include: [1] Primaquine; Dapsone