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Scotland occupies the cooler northern section of Great Britain, so temperatures are generally lower than in the rest of the British Isles, with the coldest ever UK temperature of −27.2 °C (−17.0 °F) recorded at Braemar in the Grampian Mountains, on 10 January 1982 and also at Altnaharra, Highland, on 30 December 1995.
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Climate change in Scotland is already causing a range of impacts on Scotland. 2022 was Scotland’s warmest year on record with the temperature reaching 35°C in the Scottish Borders in July. [ 1 ] Climate change has already changed timings of spring events such as leaf unfolding, bird migration and egg-laying.
The basic climate of the UK annually is wet and cool in winter, spring, and autumn with frequent cloudy skies, and drier and cool to mild in summer. The climate in the United Kingdom is defined as a humid temperate oceanic climate , or Cfb on the Köppen climate classification system, a classification it shares with most of north-west Europe. [ 1 ]
Scotland is bordered to the east by the North Sea and to the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean. Scotland has many rivers, lochs, reservoirs and estuaries. The River Tay is Scotland's longest river and is 193 kilometres (120 miles) long. Lakes in Scotland are known as lochs, with the exception of the Lake of Menteith and a few
ombrotrophic mires in northern England and southern Scotland. In addition to the two native oak species (Quercus robur and Q. petraea), broad-leafed deciduous trees include common ash, silver birch, European aspen, and common elm.
Cabinet Secretary for Environment, Climate Change and Land Reform Cabinet Secretary for Net Zero and Energy Cabinet Secretary for Rural Affairs, Land Reform and Islands
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