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In medicine, a contraindication is a condition (a situation or factor) that serves as a reason not to take a certain medical treatment due to the harm that it would cause the patient. [1] [2] Contraindication is the opposite of indication, which is a reason to use a certain treatment.
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For example, to determine sensitivity to a dim light in a two-interval forced choice procedure, an observer could be presented with series of trials comprising two sub-trials (intervals) in which the dim light is presented randomly in the first or the second interval. After each trial, the observer responds only "first" or "second".
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Absolute contraindications, which are reasons why the procedure absolutely cannot be done, include: [9] Pregnancy is an absolute contraindication to the use of breast irradiation . In some cases, it may be possible to perform breast-conserving surgery in the third trimester and treat the patient with radiation after delivery.
While there are no absolute contraindications for ECT, there is an increased risk for patients who have unstable or severe cardiovascular conditions or aneurysms; who have recently had a stroke; who have increased intracranial pressure (for instance, due to a solid brain tumor); who have severe pulmonary conditions; or who are generally at high ...
In obstetrics a trial of labour is the conduction of spontaneous labour in a moderate degree of cephalopelvic disproportion. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is performed under close observation by an obstetrician in order to assess a woman's chances of a successful vaginal birth. [ 3 ]
Few absolute contraindications exist, however, "relative contraindications are important and can only be considered following a full assessment." [ 4 ] They include: Medical conditions that would compromise the inhalation of the sedation medication, such as the common cold , tonsillitis , severe COPD or nasal blockage