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The commons is the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These ...
The main work undertaken on Scottish commons concerns grazing, using a pragmatic definition, where such commons were defined as pastures with multiple grazing rights and/or multiple graziers. [15] There are seven main historic types of common land in Scotland, [53] some of which have similarities to common land in England and Wales.
The tragedy of the commons can be considered in relation to environmental issues such as sustainability. [30] The commons dilemma stands as a model for a great variety of resource problems in society today, such as water, forests, [31] fish, and non-renewable energy sources such as oil, gas, and coal.
Commonwealth" is a traditional English term used to describe a political community as having been founded for the common good, and shares some similarities with the Latin phrase "res publica" ('the public thing'), which ultimately is the derivation of the word republic. [5]
One common strategy employed is the use of a data commons. A data commons is an interoperable software and hardware platform that aggregates (or collocates) data, data infrastructure, and data-producing and data-managing applications in order to better allow a community of users to manage, analyze, and share their data with others over both ...
The tragedy of the anticommons is a type of coordination breakdown, in which a commons does not emerge, even when general access to resources or infrastructure would be a social good. It is a mirror-image of the older concept of tragedy of the commons , in which numerous rights holders' combined use exceeds the capacity of a resource and ...
The Middle English word common or commune, which is derived from the Anglo-Norman commune, meant "of general, public, or non-private nature" as an adjective and, as a substantive, "the common body of the people of any place; the community or commonalty" in the singular; "the common people, the commonalty; the lower order, as distinguished from ...
Common goods (also called common-pool resources [1]) are defined in economics as goods that are rivalrous and non-excludable. Thus, they constitute one of the four main types based on the criteria: Thus, they constitute one of the four main types based on the criteria: