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In machine learning, a variational autoencoder (VAE) is an artificial neural network architecture introduced by Diederik P. Kingma and Max Welling. [1] It is part of the families of probabilistic graphical models and variational Bayesian methods .
An autoencoder is a type of artificial neural network used to learn efficient codings of unlabeled data (unsupervised learning).An autoencoder learns two functions: an encoding function that transforms the input data, and a decoding function that recreates the input data from the encoded representation.
CC PDF Converter was a free and open-source program that allowed users to convert documents into PDF files on Microsoft Windows operating systems, while embedding a Creative Commons license. [1] [2] The application leveraged RedMon and Ghostscript and was licensed under the GNU GPL. A 2013 review in PC World gave the software 4 out of 5 stars. [2]
The Variant Call Format or VCF is a standard text file format used in bioinformatics for storing gene sequence or DNA sequence variations. The format was developed in 2010 for the 1000 Genomes Project and has since been used by other large-scale genotyping and DNA sequencing projects.
This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details may not fully reflect the modified file.
where is the amplitude of Gaussian, = is exponent relaxation time, is a variance of exponential probability density function. This function cannot be calculated for some values of parameters (for example, =) because of arithmetic overflow.
Machine learning in bioinformatics is the application of machine learning algorithms to bioinformatics, [1] including genomics, proteomics, microarrays, systems biology, evolution, and text mining.
Biological sequence formats are a collection of file formats that are used in the biomedical sciences. There are a number of these. Most of these formats were developed for use in particular programmes and have subsequently been reused by other programmes. A number of web sites are available which will convert one of these formats to another.