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A server capable of replying with an Enhanced Status Code MUST preface (prepend) the Text Part of SMTP Server responses with the Enhanced Status Code followed by one or more spaces. For example, the "221 Bye" reply (after QUIT command) MUST be sent as "221 2.0.0 Bye" instead. [1]
A session may include zero or more SMTP transactions. An SMTP transaction consists of three command/reply sequences: MAIL command, to establish the return address, also called return-path, [24] reverse-path, [25] bounce address, mfrom, or envelope sender. RCPT command, to establish a recipient of the message. This command can be issued multiple ...
Email spoofing is the creation of email messages with a forged sender address. [1] The term applies to email purporting to be from an address which is not actually the sender's; mail sent in reply to that address may bounce or be delivered to an unrelated party whose identity has been faked.
Forwarding to another address has always worked by rewriting the address in the forward path also known as RCPT TO, if and only if the forwarding MTA accepted the responsibility for both forwarding the mail and returning potential bounce messages to the sender. RFC 821 and all later SMTP specifications offer two result codes for this situation:
The format of an email address is local-part@domain, where the local-part may be up to 64 octets long and the domain may have a maximum of 255 octets. [5] The formal definitions are in RFC 5322 (sections 3.2.3 and 3.4.1) and RFC 5321—with a more readable form given in the informational RFC 3696 (written by J. Klensin, the author of RFC 5321 [6]) and the associated errata.
Sender Policy Framework (SPF) is an email authentication method that ensures the sending mail server is authorized to originate mail from the email sender's domain. [1] [2] This authentication only applies to the email sender listed in the "envelope from" field during the initial SMTP connection.
When Exchange knows the intended recipient, but is not willing to accept email for them, it omits their address. If a message is sent to joe@example.com and the server knows that this is "Joe User", it will bounce the message saying that the message to "Joe User" could not be delivered, leaving out the joe@example.com address altogether. VERP ...
A non-standard but widely used way to request return receipts is with the "Return-Receipt-To:" (RRT) field in the e-mail header, with the email return address specified. The first time a user opens an email message containing this field in the header, the client will typically prompt the user whether to send a return receipt.