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  2. Nordic model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nordic_model

    Initially differing very little from other industrialized capitalist countries, the state's role in providing comprehensive welfare and infrastructure expanded after the Second World War until reaching a broadly social democratic consensus in the 1950s which would become known as the social liberal paradigm, [4] which was followed by the ...

  3. Welfare capitalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_capitalism

    Welfare capitalism is capitalism that includes social welfare policies [1] [better source needed] and/or the practice of businesses providing welfare services to their employees. Welfare capitalism in this second sense, or industrial paternalism , was centered on industries that employed skilled labor and peaked in the mid-20th century.

  4. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Three_Worlds_of...

    The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism is a book on political theory written by Danish sociologist Gøsta Esping-Andersen, published in 1990. The work is Esping-Andersen's most influential and highly cited work, outlining three main types of welfare states , in which modern developed capitalist nations cluster.

  5. List of countries by social welfare spending - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by...

    Total net social spending in terms of percent of GDP, takes into account public and private social expenditure, and also includes the effect of direct taxes (income tax and social security contributions), indirect taxation of consumption on cash benefits, as well as tax breaks for social purposes.

  6. Redistribution of income and wealth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redistribution_of_income...

    Within developed countries income inequality has become a widely popular issue that has dominated the debate stage for the past few years. The importance of a nation's ability to redistribute wealth in order to implement social welfare programs, maintain public goods, and drive economic development has brought various conversations to the ...

  7. Social market economy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_market_economy

    The social market economy (SOME; German: soziale Marktwirtschaft), also called Rhine capitalism, Rhine-Alpine capitalism, the Rhenish model, and social capitalism, [1] is a socioeconomic model combining a free-market capitalist economic system alongside social policies and enough regulation to establish both fair competition within the market and generally a welfare state.

  8. Universal basic income - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_basic_income

    A key issue in these debates is whether automation and AI will significantly reduce the number of available jobs and whether a basic income could help prevent or alleviate such problems by allowing everyone to benefit from a society's wealth, as well as whether a UBI could be a stepping stone to a resource-based or post-scarcity economy.

  9. Welfare state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_state

    Social expenditure as % of GDP (). A welfare state is a form of government in which the state (or a well-established network of social institutions) protects and promotes the economic and social well-being of its citizens, based upon the principles of equal opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for citizens unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions ...