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The first Persian invasion of Greece began in 492 BC, with the Persian general Mardonius successfully re-subjugating Thrace and Macedon before several mishaps forced an early end to the rest of the campaign. [3] In 490 BC a second force was sent to Greece, this time across the Aegean Sea, under the command of Datis and Artaphernes.
Beginning of the first Persian invasion of Greece: 492–490 BC: First Persian invasion of Greece: Greeks: Achaemenid empire: Inconclusive: Persians capture Thrace and part of Macedon, but they fail to achieve their goals Sparta and Athens remain independent; 480–479 BC: Second Persian invasion of Greece: Greeks: Achaemenid empire: Greek victory
The defeat at Marathon ended for the time being the Persian invasion of Greece. However, Thrace and the Cycladic islands had been resubjugated into the Persian empire, and Macedon reduced to a subordinate kingdom part of the empire; since the late 6th century BC they had been vassals of the Persians, but remained having a broad scope of ...
The epic second Persian invasion of Greece finally began in 480 BC, and the Persians met with initial success at the battles of Thermopylae and Artemisium. [47] However, defeat at the Battle of Salamis would be the turning point in the campaign, [ 48 ] and the next year the expedition was ended by the decisive Greek victory at the Battle of ...
The Battle of Marathon took place in 490 BC during the first Persian invasion of Greece. It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis and Artaphernes. The battle was the culmination of the first attempt by Persia under King Darius I to subjugate Greece.
Pausanias led 5000 Spartans to the aid of the league of Greek cities created to resist the Persian invasion. [2] At the Greek encampment at Plataea 110,000 men were assembled along the Asopos River. Further down the river, Mardonius , commander of the Persian forces, stationed 300,000 Persian forces alongside 50,000 Greek allies.
Its goal was to make war on the Persian Achaemenid Empire to avenge the second Persian invasion of Greece in 480 BC. He managed to convince the other Greek states to elect him as the leader of the League and started preparing for the war. [1] At the same time the Achaemenid Empire had been in crisis since the murder of its king Artaxerxes III ...
In the second Persian invasion of Greece, each Persian ship had carried thirty extra marines, [53] and this was probably also true in the first invasion when the whole invasion force was apparently carried in triremes. [52] Furthermore, the Chian ships at the Battle of Lade also carried 40 marines each.