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The archipelago of the Azores is located in the middle of the northern hemisphere of the Atlantic Ocean and extends along a west-northwest to east-southeast orientation (between 36.5°–40° North latitudes and 24.5°–31.5° West longitudes) in an area approximately 600 km (373 mi) wide.
Map of the Azores Islands (1584) by Abraham Ortelius. The following article describes the history of the Azores, an archipelago composed of nine volcanic islands in the Macaronesia region of the North Atlantic Ocean, about 1,400 km (870 mi) west of Lisbon, about 1,500 km (930 mi) northwest of Morocco, and about 1,930 km (1,200 mi) southeast of Newfoundland, Canada.
Major fractures zones of the Atlantic can be seen on this ocean depth map Active Atlantic Ocean fracture zones are perpendicular to the mid-ocean ridges (black lines) in orange shaded region In the Atlantic Ocean most fracture zones originate from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge , which runs from north to south, and are therefore west to east oriented ...
Charles Schuchert, in a paper called "Atlantis and the permanency of the North Atlantic Ocean bottom" (1917), discussed a lecture by Pierre-Marie Termier in which Termier suggested "that the entire region north of the Azores and perhaps the very region of the Azores, of which they may be only the visible ruins, was very recently submerged ...
The Azores archipelago rises from Azores Plateau, which is an area of thickened oceanic crust thought to have formed over the last 20 Mya. Negative velocity S-wave anomalies have been mapped beneath the Azores in the upper 250–300 km. This has been suggested to be a signature of a plume that created the Azores Plateau. [3]
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is a mid-ocean ridge (a divergent or constructive plate boundary) located along the floor of the Atlantic Ocean, and part of the longest mountain range in the world. In the North Atlantic, the ridge separates the North American from the Eurasian plate and the African plate, north and south of the Azores triple junction.
Terceira is the location of the Azores' oldest city, Angra do Heroísmo, the historical capital of the archipelago and UNESCO World Heritage Site; the seat of the judicial system (Supreme Court); and the main insular Portuguese Air Force base, Base Aérea nº 4 at Lajes, with a United States Air Force detachment.
Bathymetry image of the Azores Plateau with some of the Azores islands marked in yellow. The Azores Plateau or Azores Platform is an oceanic plateau encompassing the Azores archipelago and the Azores triple junction in the North Atlantic Ocean. [1] It was formed by the Azores hotspot 20 million years ago and is still associated with active ...