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The skin turgor (associated with capillary refilling [1]) is a term used to describe the ability of the skin to restore its shape after being deformed. The dehydration reduces the skin elasticity and causes lower skin turgor, one of the signs of dehydration in humans.
The skin turgor test can be used to support the diagnosis of dehydration. The skin turgor test is conducted by pinching skin on the patient's body, in a location such as the forearm or the back of the hand, and watching to see how quickly it returns to its normal position.
Turgor pressure within the stomata regulates when the stomata can open and close, which plays a role in transpiration rates of the plant. This is also important because this function regulates water loss within the plant. Lower turgor pressure can mean that the cell has a low water concentration and closing the stomata would help to preserve water.
decreased skin turgor (e.g. the skin remains "tented" when it is pinched) a weak pulse orthostatic hypotension (dizziness upon standing up from a seated or reclining position, due to a drop in cerebral blood pressure)
The skin of the glabella may be used to measure skin turgor in suspected cases of dehydration by gently pinching and lifting it. When released, the glabella of a dehydrated patient tends to remain extended ("tented"), rather than returning to its normal shape. [3]
Dry mucous membranes, decreased skin turgor, low jugular venous distention, tachycardia, and hypotension can be seen along with decreased urinary output. [4] Patients in shock can appear cold, clammy, and cyanotic. [4]
On physical examination there is usually clinical evidence of dehydration, such as a dry mouth and decreased skin turgor. [17] If the dehydration is profound enough to cause a decrease in the circulating blood volume, a rapid heart rate and low blood pressure may be observed.
Skin turgor for hydration; Janeway lesion; Osler's node; At the nails Splinter hemorrhage and Quincke's pulsation should be looked for as well as any deformity of the nail such as Beau's lines, clubbing or peripheral cyanosis. Inspect the head for: Cheeks for the malar flush of mitral stenosis.