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The word Fenian (/ ˈ f iː n i ə n /) served as an umbrella term for the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) and their affiliate in the United States, the Fenian Brotherhood.They were secret political organisations in the late 19th and early 20th centuries dedicated to the establishment of an independent Irish Republic.
The Fenians in Context: Irish Politics and Society, 1848–82 (Wolfhound Press, 1985) D'Arcy, William. The Fenian Movement in the United States, 1858–86 (Catholic University of America Press, 1947) Jenkins, Brian. Fenians and Anglo-American Relations during Reconstruction (Cornell University Press, 1969).
John O'Leary (23 July 1830 – 16 March 1907 [1]) was an Irish separatist and a leading Fenian.He studied both law and medicine but did not take a degree and for his involvement in the Irish Republican Brotherhood, he was imprisoned for five years in England during the nineteenth century.
Integrated Education is a Northern Ireland phenomenon, where traditionally schools were sectarian, [3] either run as Catholic schools or Protestant schools. On as parental request, a school could apply to 'transition' to become Grant Maintained offering 30% of the school places to students from the minority community.
Devoy attended night school at the Catholic University before joining the Fenians. In 1861 he travelled to France with an introduction from Timothy Daniel Sullivan to John Mitchel . Devoy joined the French Foreign Legion and served in Algeria for a year before returning to Ireland to become a Fenian organiser in Naas , County Kildare .
In the Aug. 4 edition of the Mansfield News Journal was an opinion page article written by Akron Beacon Journal Executive Editor Cheryl Powell entitled "We need to keep religion out of the public ...
The Catholic parochial school system developed in the early-to-mid-19th century partly in response to what was seen as anti-Catholic bias in American public schools. [citation needed] The recent wave of newly established Protestant schools is sometimes similarly attributed to the teaching of evolution (as opposed to creationism) in public schools.
The same year, the archbishops and bishops of the Established Church in Ireland, among others, petitioned George II for a charter to set up schools where the children of Irish Catholics would be given free instruction in the English language and the Protestant religion. Boys would learn a trade and girls domestic skills, and maybe even be given ...