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Q-switching, sometimes known as giant pulse formation or Q-spoiling, [1] is a technique by which a laser can be made to produce a pulsed output beam. The technique allows the production of light pulses with extremely high peak power, much higher than would be produced by the same laser if it were operating in a continuous wave (constant output) mode.
In building wiring, multiway switching is the interconnection of two or more electrical switches to control an electrical load from more than one location.A common application is in lighting, where it allows the control of lamps from multiple locations, for example in a hallway, stairwell, or large room.
TO272S-4. MACOM Technology Solutions, Inc. is an American developer and producer of radio, microwave, and millimeter wave semiconductor devices and components. The company is headquartered in Lowell, Massachusetts, and in 2005 was Lowell's largest private employer. [4]
A distributed-feedback laser (DFB) is a type of single-frequency laser diode. [11] DFBs are the most common transmitter type in DWDM systems. To stabilize the lasing wavelength, a diffraction grating is etched close to the p–n junction of the diode. This grating acts like an optical filter, causing a single wavelength to be fed back to the ...
A nitrogen laser is a gas laser operating in the ultraviolet range [1] (typically 337.1 nm) using molecular nitrogen as its gain medium, pumped by an electrical discharge. The wall-plug efficiency of the nitrogen laser is low, typically 0.1% or less, though nitrogen lasers with efficiency of up to 3% have been reported in the literature.
In addition to the higher peak power, CPA makes it possible to miniaturize laser systems (the compressor being the biggest part). A compact high-power laser, known as a tabletop terawatt laser (T 3 laser, typically delivering 1 joule of energy within 1 picosecond), can be created based on the CPA technique. [4]
Emission spectrum of an ultraviolet deuterium arc lamp showing characteristic hydrogen Balmer lines (sharp peaks at 486 nm and 656 nm labeled D β and D α from left to right respectively), continuum emission in the ~160-400 nm region and Fulcher band emission between around 560 to 640 nm.
Helium–neon laser at the University of Chemnitz, Germany. A helium–neon laser or He–Ne laser is a type of gas laser whose high energetic gain medium consists of a mixture of helium and neon (ratio between 5:1 and 20:1) at a total pressure of approximately 1 Torr (133 Pa) inside a small electrical discharge.