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Glutamic acid ball and stick model spinning. Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E; [4] known as glutamate in its anionic form) is an α-amino acid that is used by almost all living beings in the biosynthesis of proteins.
Glutamate is a very major constituent of a wide variety of proteins; consequently it is one of the most abundant amino acids in the human body. [1] Glutamate is formally classified as a non-essential amino acid, because it can be synthesized (in sufficient quantities for health) from α-ketoglutaric acid, which is produced as part of the citric acid cycle by a series of reactions whose ...
In enzymology, a L-glutamate oxidase (EC 1.4.3.11) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction L-glutamate + O 2 + H 2 O ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 2-oxoglutarate + NH 3 + H 2 O 2 The 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-glutamate , O 2 , and H 2 O , whereas its 3 products are 2-oxoglutarate , NH 3 , and H 2 O 2 .
Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-glutamine and D-fructose 6-phosphate, whereas its two products are L-glutamate and D-glucosamine 6-phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases , specifically the transaminases , which transfer nitrogenous groups.
Further research into the compound has found that only the L-glutamate enantiomer has flavor-enhancing properties. [3] Manufactured monosodium glutamate consists to over 99.6% of the naturally predominant L-glutamate form, which is a higher proportion of L-glutamate than can be found in the free glutamate ions of fermented naturally occurring ...
The systematic name of this enzyme class is xanthosine-5'-phosphate:L-glutamine amido-ligase (AMP-forming). This enzyme participates in purine metabolism and glutamate metabolism . At least one compound, Psicofuranin is known to inhibit this enzyme .
Glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2, glutaminase I, L-glutaminase, glutamine aminohydrolase) is an amidohydrolase enzyme that generates glutamate from glutamine. Glutaminase has tissue-specific isoenzymes. Glutaminase has an important role in glial cells. Glutaminase catalyzes the following reaction: Glutamine + H 2 O → glutamate + NH + 4
In enzymology, a protein-glutamine glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.44) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. protein L-glutamine + H 2 O protein L-glutamate + NH 3. Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are protein L-glutamine and H 2 O, whereas its two products are protein L-glutamate and NH 3.