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1,5-Anhydroglucitol, also known as 1,5-AG, is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in nearly all foods. Blood concentrations of 1,5-anhydroglucitol decrease during times of hyperglycemia above 180 mg/dL, and return to normal levels after approximately 2 weeks in the absence of hyperglycemia.
There are several ways to measure glycated hemoglobin, of which HbA1c (or simply A1c) is a standard single test. [5] HbA1c is measured primarily to determine the three-month average blood sugar level and is used as a standard diagnostic test for evaluating the risk of complications of diabetes and as an assessment of glycemic control .
Liver function tests (LFTs or LFs), also referred to as a hepatic panel or liver panel, are groups of blood tests that provide information about the state of a patient's liver. [1] These tests include prothrombin time (PT/INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), albumin , bilirubin (direct and indirect), and others.
HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin (used as a measure of diabetes control) HBD: has been drinking HbF: fetal hemoglobin: HBO: hyperbaric oxygen: HBP: high blood pressure, that is, hypertension: Hb s Ag: Hepatitis B surface antigen: HBV: hepatitis B virus: HC: head circumference hemorrhagic colitis homocysteine HCA: Healthcare Associated, as in HCA-CDI HCAP
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), also known as obstetric cholestasis, cholestasis of pregnancy, jaundice of pregnancy, and prurigo gravidarum, [1] is a medical condition in which cholestasis occurs during pregnancy. [2] It typically presents with itching and can lead to complications for both mother and fetus. [2]
On average, each change of 3.3 mmol (60 mg/dL) in average blood sugar levels will give rise to changes of 2% HbA1c and 75 μmol fructosamine values. [6] However, this overemphasizes the upper limit of many laboratories' reference ranges of 285 μmol/L as equivalent to HbA1c 7.5% rather than 6.5%.
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Furthermore, a recent study showed that patients described as being "Uncontrolled Diabetics" (defined in this study by HbA1C levels >8%) showed a statistically significant decrease in the HbA1C levels after a 90-day period of seven-point self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) with a relative risk reduction (RRR) of 0.18% (95% CI, 0.86–2.64% ...