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The history of herbalism is closely tied with the history of medicine from prehistoric times up until the development of the germ theory of disease in the 19th century. . Modern medicine from the 19th century to today has been based on evidence gathered using the scientific
Herbal medicine (also called herbalism, phytomedicine or phytotherapy) is the study of pharmacognosy and the use of medicinal plants, which are a basis of traditional medicine. [1]
The use of plants for medicinal purposes, and their descriptions, dates back two to three thousand years. [10] [11] The word herbal is derived from the mediaeval Latin liber herbalis ("book of herbs"): [2] it is sometimes used in contrast to the word florilegium, which is a treatise on flowers [12] with emphasis on their beauty and enjoyment rather than the herbal emphasis on their utility. [13]
Over a hundred of the 224 drugs mentioned in the Huangdi Neijing – an early Chinese medical text – are herbs. [11] Herbs also commonly featured in the medicine of ancient India, where the principal treatment for diseases was diet. [12] A sample of raw opium. Opioids are among the world's oldest known drugs.
3300 BC – During the Stone Age, early doctors used very primitive forms of herbal medicine in India. [1] 3000 BC – Ayurveda The origins of Ayurveda have been traced back to around 3,000 BCE. [2] c. 2600 BC – Imhotep the priest-physician who was later deified as the Egyptian god of medicine. [3] [4]
Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesize hundreds of chemical compounds for various functions, including defense and protection against insects , fungi , diseases , and herbivorous mammals .
Chinese herbal extracts are herbal decoctions that have been condensed into a granular or powdered form. Herbal extracts, similar to patent medicines, are easier and more convenient for patients to take. The industry extraction standard is 5:1, meaning for every five pounds of raw materials, one pound of herbal extract is derived.
The plant is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of insomnia and anxiety, despite serious safety concerns. [118] A 2006 study suggested medicinal potential. [119] Plantago lanceolata: Plantain It is used frequently in herbal teas and other herbal remedies. [120] A tea from the leaves is used as a highly effective cough medicine.