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Affect control theory (ACT) is a social theory proposing that individuals "perceive events and construct lines of social action that maintain preexisting sentiments for themselves". [9] According to ACT, socialization imbues concepts with shared connotative meanings, known as sentiments, which humans use to make sense of experiences.
Naturopathy, or naturopathic medicine, is a type of alternative medicine based on a belief in vitalism, which posits that a special energy called vital energy or vital force guides bodily processes such as metabolism, reproduction, growth and adaptation. [296] Naturopathy has been characterized as pseudoscience.
False priors are initial beliefs and knowledge which interfere with the unbiased evaluation of factual evidence and lead to incorrect conclusions. Biases based on false priors include: Agent detection bias, the inclination to presume the purposeful intervention of a sentient or intelligent agent.
At first, the illusory truth effect was believed to occur only when individuals are highly uncertain about a given statement. [1] Psychologists also assumed that "outlandish" headlines wouldn't produce this effect however, recent research shows the illusory truth effect is indeed at play with false news. [5]
Truthiness is the belief or assertion that a particular statement is true based on the intuition or perceptions of some individual or individuals, without regard to evidence, logic, intellectual examination, or facts. [1] [2] Truthiness can range from ignorant assertions of falsehoods to deliberate duplicity or propaganda intended to sway ...
Delusions can be bizarre or non-bizarre in content; [8] non-bizarre delusions are fixed false beliefs that involve situations that could occur in real life, such as being harmed or poisoned. [9] Apart from their delusion or delusions, people with delusional disorder may continue to socialize and function in a normal manner and their behavior ...
Belief in conspiracy theories is generally based not on evidence, but in the faith of the believer. [80] Noam Chomsky contrasts conspiracy theory to institutional analysis which focuses mostly on the public, long-term behavior of publicly known institutions, as recorded in, for example, scholarly documents or mainstream media reports. [ 81 ]
Quasi-magical thinking" describes "cases in which people act as if they erroneously believe that their action influences the outcome, even though they do not really hold that belief". [32] People may realize that a superstitious intuition is logically false, but act as if it were true because they do not exert an effort to correct the intuition ...