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In engineering, the Moody chart or Moody diagram (also Stanton diagram) is a graph in non-dimensional form that relates the Darcy–Weisbach friction factor f D, Reynolds number Re, and surface roughness for fully developed flow in a circular pipe. It can be used to predict pressure drop or flow rate down such a pipe.
The Blasius correlation is the simplest equation for computing the Darcy friction factor. Because the Blasius correlation has no term for pipe roughness, it is valid only to smooth pipes. However, the Blasius correlation is sometimes used in rough pipes because of its simplicity. The Blasius correlation is valid up to the Reynolds number 100000.
where the roughness height ε is scaled to the pipe diameter D. Figure 3. Roughness function B vs. friction Reynolds number R ∗. The data fall on a single trajectory when plotted in this way. The regime R ∗ < 1 is effectively that of smooth pipe flow. For large R ∗, the roughness function B approaches a constant value.
From the chart, it is evident that the friction factor is never zero, even for smooth pipes because of some roughness at the microscopic level. The friction factor for laminar flow of Newtonian fluids in round tubes is often taken to be: [4] = [5] [2] where Re is the Reynolds number of the flow.
In this domain, the effects of the roughness of the pipe surface must be considered. It is useful to characterize that roughness as the ratio of the roughness height ε to the pipe diameter D, the "relative roughness". Three sub-domains pertain to turbulent flow: In the smooth pipe domain, friction loss is relatively insensitive to roughness.
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S foot of water per foot of pipe; P d = pressure drop over the length of pipe in psig (pounds per square inch gauge pressure) L = length of pipe in feet; Q = flow, gpm (gallons per minute) C = pipe roughness coefficient; d = inside pipe diameter, in (inches) Note: Caution with U S Customary Units is advised. The equation for head loss in pipes ...