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Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) are medications which stimulate the bone marrow to make red blood cells. [1] They are used to treat anemia due to end stage kidney disease, chemotherapy, major surgery, or certain treatments in HIV/AIDS. [1] [2] In these situations they decrease the need for blood transfusions. [2]
Treatment can include phlebotomy, aspirin, and myelosuppressive or cytoreductive medications based on risk stratification. [7] For secondary polycythemia, management involves addressing the underlying etiology of increased erythropoeitin production, such as smoking cessation, CPAP for sleep apnea, or removing any EPO-producing tumours. [6]
289.82 Secondary hypercoagulable state; 289.83 Myelofibrosis; 289.84 Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; 289.89 Other specified diseases of blood and blood-forming organs; 289.9 Unspecified diseases of blood and blood-forming organs
In oncology, polycythemia vera (PV) is an uncommon myeloproliferative neoplasm in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells. [1] The majority of cases [2] are caused by mutations in the JAK2 gene, most commonly resulting in a single amino acid change in its protein product from valine to phenylalanine at position 617.
Other disorders which cause macrocytosis without DNA replication problems (i.e., non-megaloblastic macrocytic anemias), are disorders associated with increased red cell membrane surface area, such as pathologies of the liver and spleen which produce codocytes or "target cells" which have a central collection of hemoglobin surrounded by a pallor (a thin area) then followed by a thicker ...
Malignant melanoma of the extremities, multiple myeloma, conditioning treatment before haemopoietic stem cell transplant. Myelosuppression, pulmonary fibrosis and pneumonitis (uncommon), skin necrosis (uncommon), anaphylaxis, hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and SIADH. Secondary malignancies. [16] Streptozotocin: IV, PO: Alkylates DNA.
This is a list of drugs and substances that are known or suspected to cause Stevens–Johnson syndrome This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources .
The total cost for the first year of treatment with belimumab is $28,000. [38] Belimumab is much more expensive than other drugs used to treat lupus, including prednisone ($140 per year), hydroxychloroquine ($132), oral methotrexate ($432), azathioprine ($468), and mycophenolate mofetil ($1,224). [38]