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Measles (probably from Middle Dutch or Middle High German masel(e) ("blemish, blood blister")) [11] is a highly contagious, vaccine-preventable infectious disease caused by measles virus. [ 3 ] [ 5 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ] Other names include morbilli , rubeola , red measles , and English measles .
The virus causes measles, a highly contagious disease transmitted by respiratory aerosols that triggers a temporary but severe immunosuppression.Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, inflamed eyes and a generalized, maculopapular, erythematous rash and a pathognomonic Koplik spot seen on buccal mucosa opposite to lower 1st and 2nd molars.
Measles is an airborne disease, which spreads very easily, through the coughs and sneezes of infected people. [4] Other ways to spread disease.
The vaccine for measles led to the near-complete elimination of the disease in the United States and other developed countries. [30] While the vaccine is made with a live virus which can cause side effects, these are far fewer and less serious than the sickness and death caused by measles itself; side effects ranging from rashes to, rarely ...
In 2018, 371 cases of measles were confirmed in the United States. From January to August 2019, 1215 cases across 30 states had been confirmed as measles by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [4] This is the largest number of cases in one calendar year since the disease was declared eliminated. [5]
The World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have listed this is a top ten challenge to global health in reducing the incidence of measles. [ 23 ] In April 2020, the WHO indicated that many countries had started suspending their measles vaccination programs due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic .
Measles virus: Measles: Onset of fever and malaise about 10 days after exposure to the measles virus, followed by the emergence of cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis that worsen in severity over 4 days of appearing. Observation of Koplik's spots is also diagnostic. Supportive care: Yes
Human infectious diseases may be characterized by their case fatality rate (CFR), the proportion of people diagnosed with a disease who die from it (cf. mortality rate).It should not be confused with the infection fatality rate (IFR), the estimated proportion of people infected by a disease-causing agent, including asymptomatic and undiagnosed infections, who die from the disease.