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Manumission, or enfranchisement, is the act of freeing slaves by their owners. Different approaches to manumission were developed, each specific to the time and place of a particular society. Different approaches to manumission were developed, each specific to the time and place of a particular society.
The New York Manumission Society was founded in 1785. The term "manumission" is from the Latin meaning "a hand lets go," inferring the idea of freeing a slave.John Jay, first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States as well as statesman Alexander Hamilton and the lexicographer Noah Webster, along with many slave holders among its founders.
According to the sources I have read, manumission was a legal status bounded by both Common Law and Statute that varied by state: see Thomas Morris,"Southern Slavery and The Law: 1619-1860", 1996. See an abstract of the book with the link below. [1] Also manumission was complicated over time by issues of debt belonging to slave owners.
Surviving tax and manumission records for Minas Gerais show that at least one slave woman acquired slaves as a long term capital investment — not just to pay for her own manumission. Thus, in a freedom bargain, one Dominga Pereira, a Mina woman, gave her owner two pounds of gold and a male slave; he allowed her to keep her four other slaves ...
The terms of his manumission might specify the services (operae) a libertus owed. Following manumission, the freed slave would take on the nomen gentilicium (family name) of his former master, who would adopt the freedman into a pseudo-paternal relationship; should they be alive the freedman would be expected to honor and serve his patron ...
By default, courts were essentially never utilized in manumission. The difference in access to manumission for the Cuban and United States slave would have also depended on the labor structure. U.S. slaves were used primarily for field work, a variable market, while many Cuban slaves were also skilled laborers in other areas.
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The rate of manumission fell sharply in southern states. Through the domestic slave trade, some one million slaves were transported from the Upper South to the Deep South in the following years. Most southern states also tightened restrictions on manumission, effectively ending it.