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The Two Row Belt, as it is commonly known, depicts the kaswentha relationship in visual form via a long beaded belt of white wampum with two parallel lines of purple wampum along its length – the lines symbolizing a separate-but-equal relationship between two entities based on mutual benefit and mutual respect for each party’s inherent ...
The Covenant Chain is embodied in the Two Row Wampum of the Iroquois, known as the people of the longhouse - Haudenosaunee. It was based in agreements negotiated between Dutch settlers in New Netherland (present-day New York) and the Five Nations of the Iroquois (or Haudenosaunee) early in the 17th century.
In 2019, Queen Elizabeth II was given a replica of the Two Row Wampum (Kaswentha), which symbolized an agreement between the Iroquois and representatives of the Dutch Crown in 1613, which formed the foundation of the Covenant Chain of later treaties with the English Crown. The parallel rows of purple beads "represent two groups living in ...
The Society put her Two Row wampum belt on display in March 2023, with the design representing the existence of two separate cultures working alongside one another. [5] The belt is a reference to the original alliance between the Haudenosaunee and Dutch traders made in 1613. [2]
Wampum beads are typically tubular in shape, often a quarter of an inch long and an eighth of an inch wide. One 17th-century Seneca wampum belt featured beads almost 2.5 inches (65 mm) long. [1] Women artisans traditionally made wampum beads by rounding small pieces of whelk shells, then piercing them with a hole before stringing them.
Two Row Wampum Treaty [note 47] Treaty between the Iroquois and representatives of the Dutch government. 1614 Treaty of Xanten: Ends the War of the Jülich Succession. 1615 Peace of Asti: Duke Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy relinquishes claims on Monferrato. Peace of Tyrnau: Recognizes Gábor Bethlen as the Prince of Transylvania. Treaty of Serav
[2] [3] [4] He was the official keeper of the wampum records of the Iroquois, [5] [6] sometimes described as a firekeeper. [4] He took on the role of wampum keeper in 1843. [7] Buck was described in a contemporary account as "a capable ruler and an able and trustworthy negotiator". [8] Kenyon and Kenyon identify him as a "follower of Handsome ...
Curators of the Philadelphia History Museum at Atwater Kent claim that a wampum belt in their possession serves as authentication that such a meeting did indeed take place; however, the wampum belt cannot prove or disprove whether the Lenni Lenape and the colony came to a formal agreement, and if so, what the provisions of such an agreement ...