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Space technology is technology for use in outer space. Space technology includes space vehicles such as spacecraft , satellites , space stations and orbital launch vehicles ; deep-space communication ; in-space propulsion ; and a wide variety of other technologies including support infrastructure equipment, and procedures .
The early space researchers obtained an important international forum with the establishment of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) in 1958, which achieved an exchange of scientific information between east and west during the cold war, despite the military origin of the rocket technology underlying the research field. [2]
The development of artificial satellite technology was a direct result of space exploration. Since the first artificial satellite (Sputnik 1,) was launched by the USSR on October 4, 1957, thousands of satellites have been put into orbit around the Earth by more than 40 countries.
NASA spin-off technologies are commercial products and services which have been developed with the help of NASA, through research and development contracts, such as Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) or STTR awards, licensing of NASA patents, use of NASA facilities, technical assistance from NASA personnel, or data from NASA research.
Vacuum energy is an underlying background energy that exists in space throughout the entire universe. [1] The vacuum energy is a special case of zero-point energy that relates to the quantum vacuum. [2]
Space logistics – Logistics for space travel; Space technology – Technology developed for use in Space exploration Space-based radar – Use of radar systems mounted on satellites; Space-based solar power – Concept of collecting solar power in outer space and distributing it to Earth; Spacecraft design – for launch vehicles and satellites
Space exploration is the use of astronomy and space technology to explore outer space. [1] While the exploration of space is currently carried out mainly by astronomers with telescopes , its physical exploration is conducted both by uncrewed robotic space probes and human spaceflight .
Technology adapters allow the underlying communications infrastructure to be changed (or bridged) with minimal impact on the applications themselves. This improves long-term maintainability, as missions often outlive the ground technology used to deploy them initially. The layers of the Mission Operations Service Framework [1] are: