Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The stopped-flow method is a development of the continuous-flow method used by Hamilton Hartridge and Francis Roughton [7] to study the binding of O 2 to hemoglobin. In the absence of any stopping system the reaction mixture passed to a long tube past an observation system (consisting in 1923 of a simple colorimeter) to waste.
A carbon-13 label was used to determine the mechanism in the 1,2- to 1,3-didehydrobenzene conversion of the phenyl substituted aryne precursor 1 to acenaphthylene. [3]An isotopic tracer, (also "isotopic marker" or "isotopic label"), is used in chemistry and biochemistry to help understand chemical reactions and interactions.
A radioactive tracer can also be used to track the distribution of a substance within a natural system such as a cell or tissue, [1] or as a flow tracer to track fluid flow. Radioactive tracers are also used to determine the location of fractures created by hydraulic fracturing in natural gas production. [2]
Blood is red due to the presence of hemoglobin; deoxygenated blood (in veins) has a deep red color, and oxygenated blood (in arteries) has a light cherry-red color. Veins below the skin can appear blue or green due to subsurface scattering of light through the skin, and aspects of human color perception.
Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) is a test used by pharmaceutical and biotech organizations to show the safety of a drug or implantable material. It is commonly used as part of the FDA clearance process. [1] Put simply, it is mixing populations of T-lymphocytes (category of white blood cells) together, and measuring the reaction that occurs.
It is advised to check the references for photos of reaction results. [1] Reagent testers might show the colour of the desired substance while not showing a different colour for a more dangerous additive. [2]
Flow chemistry is a well-established technique for use at a large scale when manufacturing large quantities of a given material. However, the term has only been coined recently for its application on a laboratory scale by chemists and describes small pilot plants, and lab-scale continuous plants. [1] Often, microreactors are used. [2]
The continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR), also known as vat-or backmix reactor, mixed flow reactor (MFR), or a continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CFSTR), is a common model for a chemical reactor in chemical engineering and environmental engineering. A CSTR often refers to a model used to estimate the key unit operation variables when using ...