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In California, a ballot proposition is a referendum or an initiative measure that is submitted to the electorate for a direct decision or direct vote (or plebiscite). If passed, it can alter one or more of the articles of the Constitution of California , one or more of the 29 California Codes , or another law in the California Statutes by ...
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It was approved by voters in a referendum held as part of a special election on 10 October. On the same day voters approved two other major political reforms, Proposition 4, which granted women the vote, and Proposition 7, which introduced the initiative and the optional referendum. Proposition 8 added Article 23 of the Constitution of California.
From 1960 to 2012, initiative measures appeared on primary, general, and special election ballots. [1] In October 2011, Governor Jerry Brown signed into law a bill (Senate Bill No. 202) which requires all future ballot initiatives to be listed only in general elections (held in November in even-numbered years), rather than during any statewide ...
The ability to recall elected officials came along with the initiative and referendum processes. The movement in California was spearheaded by Republican Governor Hiram Johnson , a reformist, who called the recall process a "precautionary measure by which a recalcitrant official can be removed".
Proposition 7 of 1911 (or Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 22) [1] was an amendment of the Constitution of California that introduced, for the first time, the initiative and the optional referendum. Prior to 1911 the only form of direct democracy in California was the compulsory referendum. [2]
Called Popular referendum, or alternatively Veto Referendum, Citizen referendum, Statute referendum, Statute remand, People's veto, or Citizen's veto, in which a predetermined number of signatures (typically lower than the number required for an initiative) qualifies a ballot measure for voting on repealing or not a specific state law. 23 ...
Initiative statute. [12] 38: Failed Increases income taxes for education and early childhood programs. Initiative statute. [13] 39: Passed Requires multistate businesses to calculate their California income tax liability based on the percentage of their sales in California and allocates potential revenue to create energy efficient and clean jobs.