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The Constitution of the German Reich (German: Die Verfassung des Deutschen Reichs), usually known as the Weimar Constitution (Weimarer Verfassung), was the constitution that governed Germany during the Weimar Republic era (1919–1933).
The State Court for the German Reich was established under Article 108 of the Weimar Constitution by the Law on the State Court of 9 July 1921. [1] Its seat was at Leipzig along with the Reichsgericht (Reich Court or National Court).
The president of Germany (German: Reichspräsident, lit. 'president of the Reich') was the head of state under the Weimar Constitution, which was officially in force from 1919 to 1945, encompassing the periods of the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany.
The Weimar Constitution's framers intended Article 48 to allow a strong executive within the parliamentary republic that could bypass the slower legislative process in times of crisis. [1] The article allowed the Reich president to use the armed forces to compel any federal state to obey the lawful obligations placed on it by the Reich government.
The head of state of the Weimar Republic was the Reich President, established by Part I, Section 3 of the Weimar Constitution of 1919. The Reich President was also the Supreme Commander of the German Reichswehr, held the power to appoint and remove the chancellor, could dissolve the Reichstag and call new elections and held the power of pardon.
The Weimar National Assembly (German: Weimarer Nationalversammlung), officially the German National Constitutional Assembly (Verfassunggebende Deutsche Nationalversammlung), was the popularly elected constitutional convention and de facto parliament of Germany from 6 February 1919 to 21 May 1920.
The Weimar Republic, [d] officially known as the German Reich, [e] was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional republic for the first time in history; hence it is also referred to, and unofficially proclaimed itself, as the German Republic.
The Constitution of the German Empire (German: Verfassung des Deutschen Reiches) was the basic law of the German Empire of 1871–1918, from 16 April 1871, coming into effect on 4 May 1871. [1] Some German historians refer to it as Bismarck's imperial constitution , in German the Bismarcksche Reichsverfassung (BRV).